MOOD DISORDERS – KNOW THE SIGNS & WAYS TO HELP YOUR CHILD
June 15, 2021
“The prevalence of mood difficulties among young people is increasingly becoming a concern internationally,” says Dr Jacques Mostert, Brand Academic Manager at ADvTECH, SA’s leading private education provider. Dr Mostert holds a PhD in Psychology of Education and is globally renowned in his field, having conducted experiential research in education in Denmark, the UK, South Africa and The Netherlands.
Dr Mostert notes that an estimated 24% of teens between the ages of 11 to 19 suffer from depression caused by the home environment, 25% are subject to cyber-bullying and loneliness, 92% of LGBT youth report depression during the ages of 11 to 19, and 80% of teens between the ages of 11 to 19 report a sense of isolation that causes them to feel depressed.
“It is very important to understand the signs of depression, so that action can be taken timeously should concerns about the mental wellbeing of a child arise,” says Dr Mostert.
“Teachers and parents can recognise the onset of depression when a sudden change in behaviour becomes apparent and continues for at least 3 weeks or longer. These include an atypical lack of energy, becoming increasingly irritable and agitated without a rational explanation, and a sense of being down in the dumps for no reason.”
Some adolescents may withdraw from friends and family over a sustained period of time, he notes, adding that this is especially concerning if this is atypical of the normal interactions of the teen.
“Another red flag is the inability to concentrate in class where ADHD or other non-neurotypical difficulties are not present, as well as regularly failing to complete classroom and homework assignments in time or often being late to class because of feeling overwhelmed.
“This, coupled with unusually defiant behaviour towards teachers and other school staff, especially if this is non-typical behaviour, may indicate that the teen is experiencing difficulties with mood and affect.”
In the same way as with anxiety difficulties and disorder, the student often asks to go to go home because of feeling ill with no discernable symptoms. The teen often has days off from class time due to doctor’s appointments, hospitalisation, or inability to attend classes.
Changes in sleep patterns, a significant weight loss or gain in a short period of time and disinterest in hobbies or areas where the teen previously showed interest also raise concerns about the mental wellbeing of the teenager.
Finally, a loss of future-mindedness, or talk about death or suicide, engaging in risky or self-destructive behaviour (drinking alcohol, taking drugs, or cutting, for example) are clear signs of the teen suffering from mood difficulties or a possible mood disorder.
“Not all of the above need to be present, but if there is a discernable and drastic change in a young person’s behaviour which continues for a period of several weeks or longer, intervention is necessary,” Dr Mostert says.
He says first steps teachers and parents can take to help their child deal with depression at home and in the classroom include:
- DEVELOPING COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIPS
Parents of teenagers should develop the habit of listening with empathy and not give in to the easier way out of lecturing. However, it must also be said that parents should be gentle yet persistent when it comes to holding realistic expectations of their child. - AVOIDING NEGATIVE TECHNIQUE STRATEGIES
Punishment, sarcasm, disparagement, and passive-aggression is a way of affirming the depressed teenager’s belief of not being worthy or a valued member of the family or society. Parents must be willing to be vulnerable and acknowledge their own and their teenager’s feelings, especially at a time of disruption such as the Covid – 19 pandemic. - NOT LOWERING EXPECTATIONS OR GIVING UNEARNED REWARDS
Realistic and earned rewards is one of the most important tools in a parent’s approach to supporting their depressed child. The sense of having earned a reward, and receiving acknowledgement for an aspect of their life they find significant affirms a sense of value. However, the opposite is also true. Unearned praise leaves the teenager with a feeling of inauthenticity and affirms their already negative self-perception. - PLANNING FOR EARNED SUCCESS
Activities that are of interest often fall by the wayside when teenagers are depressed. Often parents try to arrange and engage in these activities as a panacea to their teenager’s depression. However, this may exacerbate the young person’s feeling of worthlessness. Parents should find novel and interesting activities that may lead to earned success. This may include DIY activities around the house or asking for help with a specific app or technology in which, when success is achieved, due praise is earned.
“Most importantly, parents should trust their gut,” Dr Mostert says.
“If your teenager insists that nothing is wrong, despite a prolonged period of depressed mood or being diagnosed with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, parents should trust their instincts and seek help.
“Should the above techniques not bring about an improvement in the mental wellbeing, parents should seek advice from their medical practitioner or a psychiatrist.”
Using Assessment Insights to Personalise Support and Improve Learner Outcomes
At Gaborone International School, we often speak to parents who carry both excitement and concern about their children’s future. Many wonder whether their child will cope with academic pressure, adapt to independent living overseas, stay emotionally strong, or successfully compete in an increasingly global world. These are very real concerns, and as educators, we see it as our responsibility to prepare students not only for examinations, but for life beyond school. Academic excellence remains a strong foundation. Through the Cambridge IGCSE curriculum, students develop internationally recognised qualifications that open doors to universities around the world. Our students consistently achieve outstanding results, and many can study abroad directly after IGCSE without needing AS Level studies. The strength of First Language English at GIS, together with the fact that learning and communication across the school happen in English, also gives students an important advantage when applying internationally. However, future success is about far more than grades alone. To prepare students further, GIS regularly hosts visits from international universities, including institutions from South Africa, Switzerland, and Canada. These engagements help learners and parents better understand global opportunities and career pathways. Students also participate in excursions to companies, institutions, and factories, giving them valuable exposure to different professions and working environments. One of the greatest transformations I have personally witnessed involved a student who began as extremely shy and reserved. She rarely spoke publicly and lacked confidence in her abilities. Over time, through opportunities provided by the school, she slowly found her voice. Today, she runs her own student career guidance consultancy and even speaks at national events. Her journey is a reminder that confidence can be taught, nurtured, and developed when students are consistently encouraged to step forward. GIS intentionally creates those opportunities. Students participate in debate and public speaking clubs, present during assemblies from Form 1, facilitate workshops, elect class monitors, and choose their own sports captains. During Entrepreneurship Day, students run their own business stalls and experience real decision-making, teamwork, and responsibility. Through Culture Week, students celebrate diversity and learn to appreciate different backgrounds and perspectives. These experiences help students become adaptable, confident, and culturally aware — qualities universities and employers increasingly value. Equally important is learner support. We understand that academic pressure can affect confidence and well-being. GIS has a resident psychologist who supports students emotionally and psychologically, while our restorative approach to discipline focuses on growth rather than punishment. I have seen learners who once struggled with anxiety and mental blocks go on to perform exceptionally well in their final examinations because they felt supported, understood, and guided. The world our children are entering is also rapidly changing technologically. GIS responds to this through Robotics, EdTech, and a strong focus on future-ready skills. Together with the ADvTECH Global Competency Skills and RDI (Respect, Diversity, and Inclusion) frameworks, and Community Service programmes, students are taught adaptability, collaboration, leadership, empathy, and responsible global citizenship from an early age. Ultimately, our goal at GIS is simple: to help every learner achieve their aspirations. We want students to leave our school academically strong, emotionally grounded, culturally aware, and confident enough to thrive anywhere in the world.
What Global Standards Mean for Your Child’s Future
